<text><span class="style42"></span><span class="style12">NIGER</span><span class="style42">Official name:</span><span class="style13"> La République du Niger (The Republic of Niger)</span><span class="style42">Member of: </span><span class="style13">UN, OAU, ECOWAS</span><span class="style42">Area: </span><span class="style13">1186408 000 km2 (458075 sq mi)</span><span class="style42">Population: </span><span class="style13">8515000 (1993 est)</span><span class="style42">Capital: </span><span class="style13">Niamey 398000 (1988 census)</span><span class="style42">Other major city:</span><span class="style13"> Zinder 121000 (1988 census)</span><span class="style42">Languages: </span><span class="style13">French (official), Hausa (85%)</span><span class="style42">Religion: </span><span class="style13">Sunni Islam (85%)</span><span class="style42">GOVERNMENT</span><span class="style13">An 83-member National Assembly and a President are elected by universal adult suffrage. The President – who appoints a Prime Minister – serves for seven years.</span><span class="style42">GEOGRAPHY</span><span class="style13">Most of Niger lies in the Sahara Desert; the south and the Niger Valley are savannah. The central Aïr Mountains rise to just over 2000 m (6562 ft). </span><span class="style42">Principal river: </span><span class="style13">Niger 4200 km (2600 mi). </span><span class="style42">Climate: </span><span class="style13">Niger is dry and hot. The south has a rainy season from June to October.</span><span class="style42">ECONOMY</span><span class="style13">Livestock herds and harvests of subsistence crops – millet, sorghum, cassava and rice – have been reduced by desertification, and the country is one of the poorest in West Africa. Uranium is mined. </span><span class="style42">Currency: </span><span class="style13">CFA franc.</span><span class="style42">HISTORY</span><span class="style13">From the 15th century, the area was dominated in turn by the sultanate of Agadès, Hausa kingdoms and the Nigerian empire of Sokoto. The French territory of Niger was proclaimed in 1901, but much of the country was not pacified until 1920. Independence was gained in 1960. After the economy was wracked by a prolonged drought, the military took power in a coup (1974). Multi-party politics were restored in 1992 and in free elections in 1993 power changed hands peacefully.</span></text>